How to work with U.S. city, county & ZIP data.
Practical, step-by-step walkthroughs — geocoding, mapping ZIPs, and joining place data on FIPS. Each guide pairs with a free tool and real column names you can copy.
Opening our files
Download the free list →ZIP codes & place lookup
Try the ZIP Lookup →Add county and FIPS codes to a list of ZIP codes
One XLOOKUP keyed on the 5-digit ZIP pulls primary_county and county_fips into your sheet — plus the two gotchas that break it.
ZIP, city, county & FIPS — quick answers
Short, sourced answers with the exact column names: ZIP → city/county/FIPS, coordinates, duplicate names, and one-file coverage.
Read the FAQ →8 Q&AsGeocoding & coordinates
Try the City Geocoder →Geocode a list of US cities in Python — no paid API
Attach lat/lng with a pandas merge — join on city + state or the exact fips_place_code, no API and no rate limits.
How do I add latitude & longitude to cities?
The short version: match to a reference List and copy the coordinate columns across — in a spreadsheet or in pandas.
Read the answer →1 minCounty affordability
Get the County List →How to reproduce our county affordability figures in Excel or Google Sheets
Build both county affordability figures, rent burden and home price to income, from the County List with Demographics in Excel or Google Sheets. Three columns, two formulas.
Read guide →5 min FAQHow to calculate rent burden for a county: quick answers
Rent burden is median_gross_rent × 12 ÷ median_household_income. The ×12 matters: rent is monthly, income is annual. Worked examples and coverage notes.
Read the FAQ →8 Q&As FAQHow to calculate home price to income for a county: quick answers
Home price to income is median_home_value ÷ median_household_income. What the result means, why "years" is a reading and not a unit, and a worked example.
Read the FAQ →8 Q&AsSales territory design
Get the County List →Build balanced sales territories from US counties in Excel or Google Sheets
Split any set of states into territories that hold the same number of households.
Read guide →7 min FAQSales territory data — quick answers
What this data can and cannot size, and why.
Read the FAQ →9 Q&AsEvery guide starts from the same data. Get the free basic city list to follow along — city, state, and FIPS for every U.S. city.
Download the free list